Global Warming: How is it that we are making public policy decisions when we still have much to learn?
Over the span of hundreds of years, man has dealt with the variability of weather by using several well-defined coping mechanisms.
One, re-location to a more hospitable climate which features abundant natural resources such as food, water and natural shelter.
Two, developing clothing and shelters which help cope with the extremes of climate's natural variability.
Three, adapting to a lifestyle which minimizes the impact of climate on our daily lives.
Four, developing artificial mechanisms, such as air conditioning, which further mitigate climate’s impact.
That’s it. Nothing new under the sun, so to speak. Man responds to the challenges of nature.
Now, in the past number of years, man has greatly extended his knowledge about some of the physical processes involved with climate change. Unfortunately, the great majority of what we learned cannot be influenced, at this point in time, by man. Man cannot affect the output of the sun. Man cannot control the motion of our planet as it traverses the sun's orbital path. Man cannot affect the Earth’s rotational spin and precessionary path. Man cannot affect Earth’s core processes, plate tectonics, or volcanoes. Man cannot affect the oceanic currents. Man cannot affect the the formation of cloud cover over the Earth and the gross eddies of the winds.
So why, I ask you, does man believe that he can affect the global mean temperature by twiddling the keys of a computer?
Enter politics: the triumph of perception over reality …
Like snake oil salesman who first create dire fear before offering their proprietary remedy – at a price – there are those who want to sell you their political agenda. An agenda which benefits the politicians and the special interests. Where the public’s combined labor and wealth can be transferred to others all in the name of self-interest. Their self-interest, not yours.
There are those who have decided that they can increase their personal power and wealth by convincing you that your world, as you currently know it, is about to suffer irreversible adverse consequences. The seas will rise and drown millions. The weather will change and cause great droughts which will, in turn, cause great famine – leading to civil unrest and war. The Earth will be beset with pestilence and plague. The future will be bleak and your survival will be at risk. All because man has mistreated the planet with his industrialization and land-use policies.
But wait – we have an answer! We can slow, halt or reverse these dire consequences if you, the people, give us the power to increase our control over your life; raise your taxes to permit us to do what we believe is necessary to stem this horrible condition; limit your personal freedoms and choices; and most of all, cede to us the power of a permanent ruling class.
Enter the truth …
Even though our historical temperature records, both by direct measurement of in-situ temperatures and using climate proxies such as tree-rings, are lacking, we can see that the Earth has been hotter, colder, with more carbon dioxide, with less carbon dioxide – in periods which pre-date the industrialization which is being blamed for global climate change. In fact some geo-paleontologists believe that the great disruptions of populations were not caused by global climate change, but may have been caused by the mismanagement of natural resources by inept political leaders. We are not even sure that we can measure a global temperature difference because the relatively small changes in global climate change are masked by nature’s inherent variability. One might even ask, since when has any political class or government organization been successful in mitigating a natural phenomenon on a global scale? The answer, of course, is never.
So let’s take a look at some current research …
Newswise is reporting …
“Establishing a key link between the solar cycle and global climate, new research led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) shows that maximum solar activity and its aftermath have impacts on Earth that resemble La Nina and El Nino events in the tropical Pacific Ocean.”
“The research may pave the way toward better predictions of temperature and precipitation patterns at certain times during the Sun's cycle, which lasts approximately 11 years.”
“The total energy reaching Earth from the Sun varies by only 0.1 percent across the solar cycle. Scientists have sought for decades to link these ups and downs to natural weather and climate variations and distinguish their subtle effects from the larger pattern of human-caused global warming.”
Do you get the feeling that the researchers have already decided that human-caused global warming is a fact and that it greatly dwarfs the effects of solar output and variability?
Considering the Sun is the major driver of solar heating and that Earth’s position in relation to the sun is more significant than any other factor, large or small, one wonders why the researchers would attempt to spin the story in this manner. Likewise, our equatorial regions will always be hotter than our polar regions due to the angle of the sun’s direct rays (directly overhead at the equator). There is little likelihood that, absent a major shift in planetary position, that the equator will suddenly ice over and the polar ice caps totally melt. Perhaps we will experience some heating in polar regions, after all Greenland was once a fertile growing area, but this is due to nature’s variability – and man’s influence is so negligible as to be almost inconsequential.
It can be explained by the difference between correlation and causality. Just because some computer model points to a strong mathematical correlation between two events, it does not mean that there is equal causality where one event causes the other.
Let us for a moment consider the hypothesis that carbon dioxide does cause temperatures to increase. If this were a true statement, how does one explain that the rise in carbon dioxide lags the rise in temperature by 600 – 1000 years (depending on which dataset is being used)? Furthermore, if this were true, we could halt all man-made production of carbon dioxide this instant and we would see no measurable result for at least 600 years. Not only does this mean politicians are not responsible for any potential improvements for their actions – it means they can say or do anything without having to prove their case. Like religion, you must take their word as faith – something that has been proven over the past centuries to be foolhardy.
Should you want a better explanation of the rise in carbon dioxide levels, consider Occam’s Razor. Roughly stated, that one should not needlessly complicate matters and the simplest solution to the problem is more likely than not to be correct. So, consider the model of a cold beer – giving up carbon dioxide to the atmosphere as it warms. Now consider that the increasing oceanic temperatures are causing dissolved carbon dioxide to enter the atmosphere where higher levels are being measured. It certainly makes more sense and is relatively demonstrable – and does not require a public policy to alter human behavior of prohibiting beer drinking to mitigate the results of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
“Building on previous work, NCAR researchers used computer models of global climate and more than a century of ocean temperature data to answer longstanding questions about the connection between solar activity and global climate. Changes in greenhouse gases were also included in the model, but the main focus of the study is to examine the role of solar variability in climate change.”
Truth be told, most global climate models have quite a few parameters that can be tweaked to produce almost any result you want – and especially those results which appear to coincide with some historical records or climate proxies. And I do love it when they gratuitously mention greenhouse gases
“The research, published this month in the Journal of Climate, was funded by the National Science Foundation, NCAR's sponsor, and by the Department of Energy.”
Much as those who disagree with the dissidents and claim that their research was funded by the big bad oil companies, why are we not pointing out that other contrary research is being funded (on a major scale) by a government with a political agenda.
" ‘We have fleshed out the effects of a new mechanism to understand what happens in the tropical Pacific when there is a maximum of solar activity,’ says NCAR scientist Gerald Meehl, the lead author. ‘When the Sun's output peaks, it has far-ranging and often subtle impacts on tropical precipitation and on weather systems around much of the world.’"
Far-ranging and not so subtle effects in my estimation? Considering the very small impact of carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas when measured against the macro-effects of the most prevalent greenhouse gas, water vapor, any impact on global precipitation and cloud formation is far from subtle.
“The new paper, along with an earlier one by Meehl and colleagues, shows that as the Sun reaches maximum activity, it heats cloud-free parts of the Pacific Ocean enough to increase evaporation, intensify tropical rainfall and the trade winds, and cool the eastern tropical Pacific. The result of this chain of events is similar to a La Nina event, although the cooling of about 1-2 degrees Fahrenheit is focused further east and is only about half as strong as for a typical La Nina.”
OK, I must be missing something. The Sun’s effects on water vapor are a big deal. The warming oceans are likely to emit more dissolved carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. And then what – a cooling effect?
El Nino and La Nina are major and serious weather events whose cause and effect can be directly observed and measured and apparently has nothing significant to do with carbon dioxide levels …
“Over the following year or two, the La Nina-like pattern triggered by the solar maximum tends to evolve into an El Nino-like pattern, as slow-moving currents replace the cool water over the eastern tropical Pacific with warmer-than-usual water. Again, the ocean response is only about half as strong as with El Nino.”
“True La Nina and El Nino events are associated with changes in the temperatures of surface waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean. They can affect weather patterns worldwide.”
Great – we now know how to alter the weather patterns worldwide – just control the ocean's currents. Just about as possible as controlling the weather by controlling carbon dioxide. NOT!
“The new paper does not analyze the weather impacts of the solar-driven events. But Meehl and his co-author, Julie Arblaster of both NCAR and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, found that the solar-driven La Nina tends to cause relatively warm and dry conditions across parts of western North America. More research will be needed to determine the additional impacts of these events on weather across the world.”
I must be dense … the paper does not analyze the weather impact of solar-driven events; then what was the purpose of writing and presenting the paper. Of course, “more research will be needed.” More money, please!
" ‘Building on our understanding of the solar cycle, we may be able to connect its influences with weather probabilities in a way that can feed into longer-term predictions, a decade at a time,’ Meehl says.”
I am going bonkers – “we may be able to connect its influences with weather probabilities in a way that can feed into longer-term predictions, a decade at a time” – we can’t much predict the weather ten months, let alone ten years or in a few hundred years. Truth is, other than these computer models which appear to mirror historical results when sufficiently tweaked (I’m sorry, the technical term is parameterized), we cannot do much of anything about the global climate – even if other countries such as India, China, and Russia were willing to follow our suicidal lead.
In the final analysis, it is my opinion that the entire phenomena of global warming is man-made: made by politicians who have manipulated the funding of scientific research to provide the computer models to substantiate their case. They have also convinced the special interests to support their specious findings by a pledge to fund their projects and reward their programs. Likewise, the mainstream media has been corrupted to the point where the output of computer models is reported as unquestioned scientific fact and those who do not adhere to the party line are pejoratively labeled as “deniers.”
My fellow citizens: this is your world and your country. Our representatives have failed to represent our interests, having been bought and paid for by the special interests who want further access to the public treasury and the our increased labors. Yes, there is a phenomena that can be called global climate change – but unfortunately, it is not man-made, cannot be controlled by man at the present time – and most of all – should not be manipulated for political gain.
If our elected officials and their sycophantic bureaucrats cannot do our bidding and help improve our daily lives, perhaps it is time to toss them out on their butts. Without pensions, perks and prestige. By labeling them for what they are: political freebooters who have disgraced their political office and severely abused our trust.
-- steve
Reference Links …
The funding … “
“The University Corporation for Atmospheric Research manages the National Center for Atmospheric Research under sponsorship by the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.”
Title …
"A lagged warm event-like response to peaks in solar forcing in the Pacific region"Authors …
Gerald Meehl and Julie ArblasterPublication …
Journal of Climate
For those that believe that we understand the natural variability of global climate change enough to make life-changing economic policies … consider the number and character of the following few months of journal entries. One journal, millions of dollars worth of experiments, salaries and the promises of continuing funding.
Application of MJO Simulation Diagnostics to Climate Models; D. Kim, K. Sperber, W. Stern, D. Waliser, I.-S. Kang, E. Maloney, W. Wang, K. Weickmann, J. Benedict, M. Khairoutdinov, M.-I. Lee, R. Neale, M. Suarez, K. Thayer-Calder, G. Zhang; July 15, 2009; Abstract . PDF (3.95M)
Effect of ENSO phase on large scale snow water equivalent distribution in a GCM; Debbie Clifford, Robert Gurney, Keith Haines; July 15, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.00M)
Impact of freshwater release in the North Atlantic under different climate conditions in an OAGCM; Didier Swingedouw, Juliette Mignot, Pascale Braconnot, Eloi Mosquet, Masa Kageyama, Ramdane Alkama; July 15, 2009; Abstract . PDF (4.93M)
Evaluating the Uncertainty Induced by the Virtual Salt Flux Assumption in Climate Simulations and Future Projections; Jianjun Yin, Ronald J. Stouffer, Michael J. Spelman, Stephen M. Griffies; July 9, 2009; Abstract . PDF (5.16M)
Changes of Variability in Response to Increasing Greenhouse Gases Part II: Hydrology; Richard T. Wetherald; July 9, 2009 Abstract . PDF (1.98M)
The modulation of ENSO variability in CCSM3 by extra-tropical Rossby waves; Shayne McGregor, Alex Sen Gupta, Neil J. Holbrook, Scott B. Power; July 9, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.27M)
Fifty years of the Indonesian Throughflow; Debra Tillinger, Arnold L. Gordon; July 9, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.79M)
An Evaluation of ENSO Asymmetry in the Community Climate System Models: A View from the Subsurface; Tao Zhang, De-Zheng Sun, Richard Neale, Phil Rasch July 8, 2009 Abstract . PDF (6.71M)
Temperature trend patterns in Southern Hemisphere high latitudes: novel indicators of stratospheric change; Pu Lin, Qiang Fu, Susan Solomon, John M. Wallace; July 8, 2009 Abstract . PDF (2.50M)
Influence of ENSO and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation on Drought over the United States; Kingtse C. Mo, Jae-Kyung E. Schemm, Soo-Hyun Yoo; July 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (3.31M)
Cloud and Radiative Characteristics of Tropical Deep Convective Systems in Extended Cloud Objects from CERES Observations; Zachary A. Eitzen, Kuan-Man Xu, Takmeng Wong; July 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.29M)
Vertical Heating Structures Associated with the MJO as Characterized by TRMM Estimates, ECMWF Reanalyses and Forecasts: A Case Study during 1998–99 Winter; Xianan Jiang, Duane E. Waliser, William S. Olson, Wei-Kuo Tao, Tristan S. L'Ecuyer, Jui-Lin Li, Baijun Tian, Yuk L. Yung, Adrian M. Tompkins, Stephen E. Lang, Mircea Grecu; July 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.66M)
Observed feedback between winter sea ice and the North Atlantic Oscillation; Courtenay Strong, Gudrun Magnusdottir, Hal Stern; July 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (938K)
The final warming date of the Antarctic polar vortex and influences on its interannual variability; Joanna D. Haigh, Howard K. Roscoe; July 1, 2009 Abstract . PDF (875K)
Observed subseasonal variability of oceanic barrier and compensated layers; Hailong Liu, Semyon A. Grodsky, James A. Carton; June 26, 2009; Abstract . PDF (6.31M)
A simple model of climatological rainfall and vertical motion patterns over the tropical oceans; Larissa E. Back, Christopher S. Bretherton; June 26, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.82M)
Distinguishing Pronounced Droughts in the Southwestern U.S.A.: Seasonality and Effects of Warmer Temperatures; Jeremy L. Weiss, Christopher L. Castro, Jonathan T. Overpeck; June 26, 2009; Abstract . PDF (13.35M)
Monthly characterization of the tropospheric circulation over the Euro-Atlantic area in relation with the timing of stratospheric final warmings; Blanca Ayarzagüena, Encarna Serrano; June 26, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.88M)
Low frequency variability of temperature in the vicinity of the equatorial Pacific thermocline in SODA: role of equatorial wave dynamics and ENSO asymmetry; B. Dewitte, S. Thual, S.-W. Yeh, S.-I. An, B.-K. Moon, B. Giese; June 24, 2009; Abstract . PDF (5.56M)
Historical SAM Variability. Part II: 20th Century Variability and Trends from Reconstructions, Observations, and the IPCC AR4 Models; Ryan L. Fogt, Judith Perlwitz, Andrew J. Monaghan, David H. Bromwich, Julie M. Jones, Gareth J. Marshall; June 24, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.13M)
Temperature Variability over South America; Jennifer M. Collins, Rosane Rodrigues Chaves, Valdo da Silva Marques; June 24, 2009; Abstract . PDF (6.14M)
Response of ENSO and the Mean State of the Tropical Pacific to Extratropical Cooling/Warming: A Study Using the IAP Coupled Model; Y. Yu, D.-Z. Sun; June 24, 2009; Abstract . PDF (6.04M)
Non-stationary impacts of the Southern Annular Mode on Southern Hemisphere climate; Gabriel Silvestri, Carolina Vera; June 24, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.21M)
The Effects of SST-Induced Surface Wind Speed and Direction Gradients on Mid-Latitude Surface Vorticity and Divergence; Larry W. O'Neill, Dudley B. Chelton, Steven K. Esbensen; June 24, 2009; Abstract . PDF (7.50M)
The influence of solar forcing on tropical circulation; Jae N. Lee, Drew T. Shindell, Sultan Hameed; June 24, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.35M)
Southern Africa Summer Drought and Heat Waves: Observations and Coupled Model Behavior; Bradfield Lyon; June 19, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.64M)
Atmosphere feedbacks during ENSO in a coupled GCM with a modified atmospheric convection scheme; Eric Guilyardi, Pascale Braconnot, Fei-Fei Jin, Seon Tae Kim, Michel Kolasinski, Tim Li, Ionela Musat; June 19, 2009; Abstract . PDF (7.08M)
Scaling of precipitation extremes over a wide range of climates simulated with an idealized GCM; Paul A. O'Gorman, Tapio Schneider; June 19, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1010K)
Investigating Possible Links between Incoming Cosmic Ray Fluxes and Lightning Activity over the U.S.; Themis G. Chronis; June 19, 2009; Abstract . PDF (650K)
Diurnally asymmetric trends of temperature, humidity and precipitation in Taiwan; Chein-Jung Shiu, Shaw Chen Liu, Jen-Ping Chen; June 19, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.02M)
An anomalous recent acceleration of global sea level rise; M. A. Merrifield, S. T. Merrifield, G. T. Mitchum; June 17, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1003K)
Identifying signatures of natural climate variability in time series of global-mean surface temperature: Methodology and Insights; David W. J. Thompson, John M. Wallace, Phil D. Jones, John J. Kennedy; June 17, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.80M)
Interannual Variability of the Cyclonic Activity along the U.S. Pacific Coast: Influences on the Characteristics of Winter Precipitation in the Western U.S.; Boksoon Myoung, Yi Deng; June 17, 2009; Abstract . PDF (5.15M)
Modulation of Australian Precipitation by Meridional Gradients in East Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature; Caroline C. Ummenhofer, Alexander Sen Gupta, Andréa S. Taschetto, Matthew H. England; June 16, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.33M)
The role of the Sahara Low in summertime Sahel rainfall variability and change in the CMIP3 models.; M. Biasutti, A. H. Sobel, Suzana J. Camargo; June 12, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.08M)
The effect of terrestrial photosynthesis down-regulation on the 20th century carbon budget simulated with the CCCma Earth System Model; V. K. Arora, G. J. Boer, J. R. Christian, C. L. Curry, K. L. Denman, K. Zahariev, G. M. Flato, J. F. Scinocca, W. J. Merryfield, W. G. Lee; June 12, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.82M)
Significant influence of the boreal summer monsoon flow on the Indian Ocean response during dipole events; R. Krishnan, P. Swapna; June 10, 2009; Abstract . PDF (12.39M)
An analysis of tropospheric humidity trends from radiosondes; Mark P. McCarthy, P. W. Thorne, H. A. Titchner; June 10, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.05M)
Can a convective cloud feedback help to eliminate winter sea ice at high CO2 concentrations?; Dorian S. Abbot, Chris C. Walker, Eli Tziperman; June 10, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.03M)
Spectral retrieval of latent heating profiles from TRMM PR Data. Part IV: Comparisons of lookup tables from two- and three-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulations; Shoichi Shige, Yukari N. Takayabu, Satoshi Kida, Wei-Kuo Tao, Xiping Zeng, Chie Yokoyama, Tristan L'Ecuyer; June 8, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.19M)
Changes in the Global Sulfate Burden due to Perturbations in Global CO2 Concentrations.; Duncan Ackerley, Eleanor J. Highwood, David J. Frame, Ben B. B. Booth; June 8, 2009; Abstract . PDF (5.89M)
Characteristics of Precipitation, Cloud, and Latent Heating Associated with the Madden and Julian Oscillation; K.-M. Lau, H.-T. Wu; June 8, 2009; Abstract . PDF (9.38M)
Topographic Influence on the MJO in the Maritime Continent; Cheng-Han Wu, Huang-Hsiung Hsu; June 2, 2009; Abstract . PDF (8.98M)
Classifying North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks by Mass Moments; Jennifer Nakamura, Upmanu Lall, Yochanan Kushnir, Suzana J. Camargo; June 2, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.01M)
Climatology of Surface Meteorology, Surface Fluxes, Cloud Fraction and Radiative Forcing Over South-East Pacific from Buoy Observations; Virendra P. Ghate, Bruce A. Albrecht, Christopher W. Fairall, Robert A. Weller; June 2, 2009; Abstract . PDF (763K)
How much do tropical cyclones affect seasonal and interannual rainfall variability over the western North Pacific?; Hisayuki Kubota, Bin Wang; June 2, 2009; Abstract . PDF (3.11M)
Evaluation of WRF and HadRM Mesoscale Climate Simulations over the United States Pacific Northwest; Yongxin Zhang, Valérie Dulière, Philip Mote, Eric P. Salathé Jr.; June 2, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.62M)
The Global Hydrological Cycle and Atmospheric Shortwave Absorption in Climate Models under CO2 Forcing; Ken Takahashi; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (633K)
Seasonal Variations of Yellow Sea Fog: Observations and Mechanisms; Su-Ping Zhang, Shang-Ping Xie, Qin-Yu Liu, Yu-Qing Yang, Xin-Gong Wang, Zhao-Peng Ren; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.29M)
Drought in the Southeastern United States: Causes, variability over the last millennium and the potential for future hydroclimate change; Richard Seager, Alexandrina Tzanova, Jennifer Nakamura; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (5.12M)
PHYSICAL MECHANISMS LINKING THE WINTER PACIFIC – NORTH AMERICAN TELECONNECTION PATTERN TO SPRING NORTH AMERICAN SNOW DEPTH; Yan Ge, Gavin Gong, Allan Frei; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.14M)
Impact of climate change on stratospheric sudden warmings as simulated by the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model; Charles McLandress, Theodore G. Shepherd; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (821K)
Pentad Evolution of the 1988 Drought and 1993 Flood over the Great Plains: A NARR Perspective on the Atmospheric and Terrestrial Water Balance; Scott J. Weaver, Alfredo Ruiz-Barradas, Sumant Nigam; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (1.52M)
Sub-Monthly Polar Vortex Variability and Stratosphere-Troposphere Coupling in the Arctic; Robert X. Black, Brent A. McDanie; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (4.72M)
Amazon deforestation and climate change in a coupled model simulation.; Paulo Nobre, Marta Malagutti, Domingos Urbano, Roberto de Almeida, Emanuel Giarolla.; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.91M)
Maintenance of Lower Tropospheric Temperature Inversion in the Saharan Air Layer by Dust and Dry Anomaly; Sun Wong, Andrew E. Dessler, Natalie M. Mahowald, Ping Yang, Qian Feng; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (3.01M)
A global climatology of temperature and water vapor variance scaling from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder;Brian H. Kahn, João Teixeira; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (4.44M)
Warm Season Variations in the Low-Level Circulation and Precipitation over the Central U.S. in Observations, AMIP Simulations, and Idealized SST Experiments; Scott J. Weaver, Siegfried Schubert, Hailan Wang; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (2.25M)
Historical SAM Variability. Part I: Century Length Seasonal Reconstructions; Julie M. Jones, Ryan L. Fogt, Martin Widmann, Gareth Marshall, Phil D. Jones, Martin Visbeck; June 1, 2009; Abstract . PDF (11.83M)
Drought-Induced Warming in the Continental United States Under Different SST Regimes; Randal D. Koster, Hailan Wang, Siegfried D. Schubert, Max J. Suarez, Sarith Mahanama; May 27, 2009; Abstract . PDF (644K)
Take your pick, take a position and ask for more funding for your research.
“Nullius in verba”-- take nobody's word for it!
"Acta non verba" -- actions not words
“Beware of false knowledge; it is more dangerous than ignorance.”-- George Bernard Shaw
“Progressive, liberal, Socialist, Marxist, Democratic Socialist -- they are all COMMUNISTS.”
“The key to fighting the craziness of the progressives is to hold them responsible for their actions, not their intentions.” – OCS "The object in life is not to be on the side of the majority, but to escape finding oneself in the ranks of the insane." -- Marcus Aurelius “A people that elect corrupt politicians, imposters, thieves, and traitors are not victims... but accomplices” -- George Orwell “Fere libenter homines id quod volunt credunt." (The people gladly believe what they wish to.) ~Julius Caesar “Describing the problem is quite different from knowing the solution. Except in politics." ~ OCS